Knights Landing Processor

1. Background

I studied to improve the computing performance with Roofline model, Regression Predication.

The main idea to improve the performance is Data migration. The KNL (= Kight Landing Processor) processor has two types cache memories. the first one is DRAM that we usually used in personal computer and the last one is HBM (= High Bandwidth Memory). Data migration means to migrate the data between DRAM and HBM as the features.

2. Environment

System : Linux based Knight Landing Processor
Language : Python, Bash Shell Script
Framework & Library : numactl, Intel Advisor

3. Technical Detail

1. Cache Coherence

I had not ever been consider about the cache coherence. but after this study, I have realized the mechanism of it. It has two ways how keep the cache coherence. Snoopy Protocol firslty and the second one is Directory based Protocol.

KNL has a many cache node so Snoopy Protocol is not good choice for this one. It will occur bottlenecks.

2. NUMA structure of KNL processor

KNL memory structure is not UMA (= Uniform Memory Access) unless personal computer. this super computer consist of NUMA sturucture that it means cache node and the processor are dependent each.

3. Predication with Regression Model

I use this regression model to decide whether the data needs to migrate or not.

[논문] HyDM: Data Migration Methodology for Hybrid Memories.pdf

[연구자료] Cache Coherence Protocols.pptx

[연구자료] Roofline Model.pptx

[연구자료] Applying Roofline Model to KNL.pptx

[연구자료] Optimization.pptx

[연구자료] Data Migration Algorithm.pptx

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